Alexander Gardner was a Scottish photographer known for his work during the American Civil War. He was born in 1821 and became one of the first war photographers, capturing the realities of battle and its aftermath. His images provided a stark visual record of the conflict, influencing public perception of the war. Gardner is also recognized for his portraits of notable figures, including Abraham Lincoln. His most famous work includes the photographs taken at the battlefield of Gettysburg, which documented the horrors of war and the human cost involved. Gardner's contributions to photography helped shape the medium's role in journalism and history.