Alertness refers to a state of being awake and aware of one's surroundings. It involves the ability to notice and respond to stimuli, which is essential for tasks that require focus and quick reactions. Factors such as sleep quality, nutrition, and stress levels can significantly influence a person's alertness. Maintaining alertness is important for safety and productivity. For example, drivers need to be alert to react to changing road conditions, while students benefit from being alert during lessons to absorb information effectively. Techniques like regular exercise, proper hydration, and adequate sleep can help improve overall alertness.