Aldonic acids are a type of organic compound formed from the oxidation of aldoses, which are simple sugars. They contain a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at one end of the molecule, while the rest of the structure remains similar to the original sugar. Common examples of aldonic acids include gluconic acid and galactonic acid, which are derived from glucose and galactose, respectively. These acids play important roles in various biological processes and can be found in some foods and beverages. Aldonic acids are also used in the food industry as preservatives and flavor enhancers, contributing to the overall taste and quality of products.