Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful substances in the atmosphere, which can negatively impact human health and the environment. Common pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter, often released from vehicles, factories, and burning fossil fuels. These pollutants can lead to respiratory issues, heart disease, and other health problems. Additionally, air pollution contributes to climate change and can harm wildlife and ecosystems. Efforts to reduce air pollution include using cleaner energy sources, improving public transportation, and enforcing stricter emissions regulations.