The Ainu are an indigenous people primarily found in Hokkaido, Japan, as well as parts of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. They have a distinct culture, language, and traditional practices that differ from the majority Japanese population. Historically, the Ainu relied on hunting, fishing, and gathering for their livelihood. Ainu culture is rich in oral traditions, music, and dance, with unique rituals that honor nature and ancestral spirits. The Ainu language is considered endangered, and efforts are being made to revitalize it. In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of Ainu rights and cultural heritage within Japan.