African resistance refers to the various efforts by African communities to oppose colonial rule and exploitation from European powers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This resistance took many forms, including armed conflict, diplomatic negotiations, and cultural preservation. Notable examples include the Zulu Wars in South Africa and the Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya, where local populations fought to reclaim their land and autonomy. Resistance was not limited to military actions; it also involved intellectual and cultural movements aimed at fostering a sense of identity and unity among Africans. Leaders like Julius Nyerere and Kwame Nkrumah played significant roles in promoting independence and self-determination, inspiring future generations to continue the struggle against colonialism and oppression.