Aetolia is a historical region in central Greece, known for its rugged terrain and strategic location. It was inhabited by the Aetolians, an ancient Greek tribe, and played a significant role in various conflicts, including the Peloponnesian War. The region was also famous for its participation in the Aetolian League, a powerful confederation of city-states. The capital of Aetolia was Thermopylae, which is often associated with the famous battle against the Persians. Aetolia's landscape features mountains and rivers, making it a natural fortress. The region is rich in history, with archaeological sites that reflect its importance in ancient Greek civilization.