Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are harmful or unintended effects that occur after taking a medication. These reactions can range from mild side effects, like nausea or dizziness, to severe complications, such as allergic reactions or organ damage. ADRs can happen with prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and even herbal supplements. Identifying ADRs is crucial for patient safety and effective treatment. Healthcare professionals monitor patients for any unusual symptoms after starting a new medication. Reporting ADRs helps improve drug safety and informs future prescribing practices, ensuring that medications like antibiotics or pain relievers are used safely.