Adult Learning Theory refers to the principles and practices that guide how adults learn differently from children. It emphasizes that adults bring their life experiences, knowledge, and motivations to the learning process, which can enhance their understanding and retention of new information. Key components of this theory include the need for self-direction, practical application of knowledge, and the importance of relevance in learning. Adults often prefer learning that is problem-centered rather than content-centered, allowing them to apply what they learn directly to real-life situations.