An adsorbent is a material that can attract and hold particles, such as gases or liquids, on its surface. This process is called adsorption, which differs from absorption, where substances are taken into the bulk of a material. Common examples of adsorbents include activated carbon and silica gel, which are often used in air and water purification. Adsorbents play a crucial role in various industries, including environmental cleanup, pharmaceuticals, and food processing. They help remove impurities and contaminants, making products safer and more effective. Their ability to capture specific molecules makes them valuable in applications like gas masks and chemical filters.