Adaptive optics is a technology used in telescopes and other optical systems to improve image quality. It corrects distortions caused by the Earth's atmosphere, which can blur the light from distant stars and galaxies. By using a system of mirrors that can change shape in real-time, adaptive optics compensates for these distortions, allowing astronomers to see clearer images. This technology is also applied in fields like ophthalmology, where it enhances imaging of the human eye. By providing detailed views of the retina, adaptive optics helps in diagnosing and monitoring eye diseases, improving patient care and treatment outcomes.