AdS/CFT Correspondence
The AdS/CFT Correspondence is a theoretical framework in physics that suggests a relationship between two types of theories: Anti-de Sitter space (AdS), which is a model of gravity, and Conformal Field Theory (CFT), which describes particle physics without gravity. This correspondence implies that a gravitational theory in a higher-dimensional space can be equivalent to a quantum field theory in a lower-dimensional space.
This idea was first proposed by Juan Maldacena in 1997 and has since become a significant area of research in theoretical physics. It provides insights into how gravity and quantum mechanics might be unified, offering a powerful tool for studying complex systems in both fields.