The Acts of Union 1707 were two pieces of legislation passed by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. These acts united the two countries into a single entity known as the Kingdom of Great Britain. This union aimed to create a stronger political and economic alliance, allowing for a unified government and a single parliament located in Westminster. The Acts also established a common market, eliminating trade barriers between England and Scotland. Additionally, they ensured that both countries would share the same monarch, which at the time was Queen Anne. This significant political change laid the foundation for modern British governance.