Active systems are technologies that require energy input to perform tasks or functions. These systems actively manipulate their environment or respond to changes, often using sensors and actuators. Examples include robotic arms, smart thermostats, and automated irrigation systems. In contrast to passive systems, which simply react to external conditions without energy input, active systems can adapt and optimize their performance. They are commonly used in various fields, including engineering, environmental monitoring, and home automation, enhancing efficiency and effectiveness in operations.