Active components are electronic devices that can control the flow of electricity. Unlike passive components, which only store or dissipate energy, active components can amplify signals or generate power. Common examples include transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits, which are essential in modern electronic devices. These components play a crucial role in various applications, from simple circuits to complex systems like computers and smartphones. They enable functionalities such as signal processing, amplification, and switching, making them indispensable in the field of electronics and telecommunications.