The Activated Sludge Process is a biological wastewater treatment method that uses microorganisms to break down organic matter. In this process, wastewater is aerated in a tank, allowing bacteria and other microorganisms to consume the pollutants. This mixture of water and microorganisms is called activated sludge. After aeration, the mixture is allowed to settle in a clarifier, where the heavier sludge sinks to the bottom. The settled sludge can be recycled back into the aeration tank to maintain the microbial population, while the treated water is discharged or further processed. This method is efficient and widely used in modern sewage treatment plants.