Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition that affects how individuals communicate, interact, and behave. It is called a "spectrum" because it encompasses a wide range of symptoms and abilities, meaning that each person with ASD may experience different challenges and strengths. Common characteristics include difficulties with social interactions, repetitive behaviors, and a strong focus on specific interests. ASD is typically diagnosed in early childhood, although some individuals may not receive a diagnosis until later in life. The exact cause of ASD is not fully understood, but research suggests a combination of genetic and environmental factors may play a role. Early intervention and tailored support can help individuals with ASD lead fulfilling lives.