ALDH2 deficiency is a genetic condition where the body lacks enough of the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2. This enzyme helps break down acetaldehyde, a toxic byproduct of alcohol metabolism. People with this deficiency may experience unpleasant reactions, such as flushing, nausea, and rapid heartbeat, when they consume alcohol. This condition is more common in certain populations, particularly those of East Asian descent. Due to the adverse effects of alcohol, individuals with ALDH2 deficiency may be at a higher risk for developing alcohol-related health issues, including esophageal cancer. Awareness of this deficiency can help guide safer drinking choices.