The AKS Primality Test is an algorithm used to determine whether a number is prime. Developed in 2002 by Manindra Agrawal, Neeraj Kayal, and Nitin Saxena, it is notable for being the first primality test that is both polynomial-time and deterministic. This means it can efficiently confirm the primality of a number without relying on randomization. Unlike other tests, the AKS Primality Test does not require any special properties of the number being tested. It works for all integers greater than 1 and is based on properties of binomial coefficients. This makes it a significant advancement in computational number theory.