The 42nd Congress of the United States convened from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1873. It was marked by significant events, including the ongoing Reconstruction era following the Civil War. The Congress was composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate, with key issues such as civil rights and economic policies being debated. During this Congress, the Republican Party held a majority, and notable legislation included the Civil Rights Act of 1871, aimed at protecting the rights of African Americans. The 42nd Congress also faced challenges, including political corruption and economic instability, which influenced its legislative agenda.