3-D printing is a manufacturing process that creates three-dimensional objects from digital files. It works by layering materials, such as plastic or metal, to build up the desired shape. This technology allows for the production of complex designs that would be difficult or impossible to achieve with traditional methods. The process begins with a 3-D model, which can be designed using computer software or scanned from an existing object. Once the model is ready, a 3-D printer reads the file and starts printing layer by layer, gradually forming the final product. This method is used in various fields, including engineering, medicine, and art.