The equation 2X + 3 = 7 is a simple linear equation in one variable, where X represents an unknown value. To solve for X, we need to isolate it on one side of the equation. This involves performing operations that maintain the equality, such as subtracting 3 from both sides. After subtracting 3, the equation becomes 2X = 4. Next, we divide both sides by 2 to find the value of X. This results in X = 2, which is the solution to the equation.