2D barcodes, also known as QR codes or matrix codes, are graphical representations of data that can store information in two dimensions. Unlike traditional 1D barcodes, which only hold data in a linear format, 2D barcodes can encode a larger amount of information, such as URLs, text, or contact details, by using patterns of squares, dots, and other shapes. These codes can be scanned using a camera-equipped device, like a smartphone or a dedicated scanner, which interprets the encoded data. 2D barcodes are widely used in various applications, including marketing, inventory management, and ticketing, due to their ability to quickly convey information to users.