The 1965 Indonesian Mass Killings refer to a series of violent events that occurred in Indonesia following an attempted coup in September 1965. The Indonesian military, led by General Suharto, targeted members of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and suspected leftists, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 500,000 to 1 million people. The violence was marked by widespread killings, torture, and imprisonment. The mass killings were part of a broader anti-communist purge that reshaped Indonesia's political landscape. Following the violence, Suharto rose to power, establishing a regime that lasted for over three decades. The events remain a sensitive and controversial topic in Indonesian history.