The notation "192.168.0.0/16" represents a specific range of IP addresses in the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) format. The "/16" indicates that the first 16 bits of the address are used for the network part, allowing for a total of 65,536 possible addresses within this range, from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255. This range is commonly used for private networks, meaning it is not routable on the public internet. Devices within a private network, such as home routers and computers, can use these addresses to communicate with each other without needing a public IP address. This helps conserve the limited number of available public IP addresses and enhances security by keeping internal network traffic separate from the internet.