The year 1890 was significant in various historical contexts. In the United States, it marked the end of the frontier era, as the U.S. Census Bureau declared that the American frontier was closed. This shift led to changes in American society, culture, and policies regarding westward expansion. Internationally, 1890 saw the establishment of the German Empire as a major European power under Otto von Bismarck. The year also witnessed the Wounded Knee Massacre, a tragic event in American history where U.S. troops killed hundreds of Native Americans, highlighting the tensions between settlers and Indigenous peoples.