The number 179 is classified as a prime number, meaning it is greater than 1 and has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. This characteristic makes it unique among integers, as it cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers. In the context of mathematics, prime numbers like 179 play a crucial role in number theory and are fundamental in various applications, including cryptography. The study of primes helps mathematicians understand the properties of numbers and their relationships within the number system.