The 129th United States Congress convened from January 3, 1985, to January 3, 1987. It was a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Congress was notable for its Republican majority in the House, which was led by Newt Gingrich, and a Democratic majority in the Senate, under the leadership of George Mitchell. During this session, Congress addressed various issues, including budgetary concerns and social policies. Key legislation included the Tax Reform Act of 1986, which aimed to simplify the tax code, and discussions surrounding defense spending and healthcare reform.