The number 107 is classified as a prime number, meaning it is greater than 1 and has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. This characteristic makes it unique among integers, as it cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers. In the context of mathematics, prime numbers like 107 play a crucial role in number theory and have applications in various fields, including cryptography and computer science. They are essential for understanding the properties of numbers and their relationships within the broader mathematical framework.