The expression "-\beta E(x)" is commonly found in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. Here, \beta represents the inverse temperature, defined as \beta = \frac1kT, where k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the absolute temperature. The term E(x) typically denotes the energy associated with a particular state x of a system. The negative sign indicates that lower energy states are favored at lower temperatures. In this context, "-\beta E(x)" plays a crucial role in determining the probability of a system being in a specific state. According to the Boltzmann distribution, the likelihood of finding a system in state x is proportional to e^-\beta E(x). This relationship highlights how temperature influences the distribution of energy states within a system, impacting phenomena in fields such as physics, chemistry, and material science.