The 파리 코뮌 was a revolutionary government that briefly ruled Paris from March 18 to May 28, 1871. It emerged after France's defeat in the 프랑스-프로이센 전쟁 and aimed to establish a socialist society. The commune implemented progressive reforms, including universal suffrage for men, separation of church and state, and workers' rights. The 파리 코뮌 was marked by its radical ideas and grassroots democracy, but it faced opposition from the French government. The conflict culminated in a violent crackdown known as the 붉은 주간, leading to the fall of the commune and significant loss of life.