주 왕조
The 주 왕조 (Zhou Dynasty) was a significant period in ancient Chinese history, lasting from approximately 1046 to 256 BCE. It followed the 상 왕조 (Shang Dynasty) and is known for its development of Chinese philosophy, particularly through the teachings of 공자 (Confucius) and 노자 (Laozi). The dynasty is divided into two main periods: the 서주 (Western Zhou) and the 동주 (Eastern Zhou).
The 주 왕조 introduced the concept of the "Mandate of Heaven," which justified the ruler's authority and emphasized the importance of moral governance. This era saw the rise of feudalism, with local lords governing territories under the king's rule. The period ended with the 전국시대 (Warring States Period), marked by fragmentation and conflict among various states.