The 알프레드 노벨 Prize is a prestigious international award established by the will of 알프레드 노벨, a Swedish inventor, engineer, and industrialist. It was first awarded in 1901 and recognizes outstanding contributions in six categories: 물리학, 화학, 생리학 또는 의학, 문학, 평화, and 경제학. The prizes are awarded annually on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Each recipient, known as a 노벨상 수상자, receives a medal, a diploma, and a monetary award. The 노벨 평화상 is awarded in Oslo, Norway, while the other prizes are presented in Stockholm, Sweden.