Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, and inventor best known for inventing dynamite. Born on October 21, 1833, he held 355 different patents and was a prolific inventor. His inventions significantly impacted construction and demolition industries, but he also had concerns about the destructive potential of his creations. In his will, Nobel established the Nobel Prizes, which reward outstanding contributions in various fields such as physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. This legacy has made him a symbol of humanitarianism, as the prizes aim to honor those who work towards the betterment of humanity.