The "사성제" (Four Noble Truths) is a fundamental concept in Buddhism that outlines the nature of suffering and the path to liberation. The first truth states that suffering, or dukkha, is an inherent part of life. The second truth identifies the cause of suffering as craving or attachment. The third truth offers hope, asserting that it is possible to end suffering by overcoming these desires. Finally, the fourth truth presents the Noble Eightfold Path as a practical guide to achieving this liberation, leading to a state of enlightenment known as Nirvana.