동독, officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was a socialist state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the eastern part of Germany. It was established after World War II, following the division of Germany into East and West. The capital of 동독 was East Berlin, and the government was heavily influenced by the Soviet Union. The GDR was characterized by a one-party system led by the Socialist Unity Party and a planned economy. It faced significant challenges, including economic difficulties and political repression. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 marked the beginning of the end for 동독, leading to its reunification with West Germany in 1990.