The 가이아 가설 (Gaia Hypothesis) is a scientific theory proposed by 제임스 러브록 (James Lovelock) in the 1970s. It suggests that the Earth functions as a self-regulating system, where living organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings to maintain conditions suitable for life. This means that ecosystems, the atmosphere, and the oceans work together to sustain life on the planet. According to the hypothesis, the biosphere, which includes all living things, plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate and chemical composition. For example, plants and microorganisms help control levels of gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen, contributing to a stable environment. The 가이아 가설 emphasizes the interconnectedness of life and the planet's systems.