裸子植物, or "gymnosperms," are a group of seed-producing plants that do not form flowers or fruits. Instead, their seeds are often exposed on cones or other structures. Common examples of 裸子植物 include 松树 (pines), 杉树 (cedars), and 银杏 (ginkgo). They are primarily found in forests and play a crucial role in many ecosystems. These plants are characterized by their needle-like leaves and woody stems, which help them survive in various climates, especially in colder regions. 裸子植物 reproduce through a process called 受粉 (pollination), where pollen is transferred from male cones to female cones, leading to seed development.