The 英荷战争, or the Anglo-Dutch Wars, were a series of conflicts between the 英格兰 (England) and the 荷兰 (Netherlands) during the 17th century. These wars primarily arose from competition over trade routes and colonial dominance, particularly in the 东印度 (East Indies) and 加勒比海 (Caribbean). The first war began in 1652, and the conflicts continued until the late 1670s. There were three main wars: the First (1652-1654), the Second (1665-1667), and the Third (1672-1674). Each war involved significant naval battles, with the 英军 (English navy) and the 荷兰海军 (Dutch navy) vying for supremacy. Ultimately, the wars led to shifts in maritime power and influenced European trade dynamics.