材料科学, or materials science, is the study of the properties and applications of materials. It combines elements of physics, chemistry, and engineering to understand how materials behave under different conditions. This field focuses on developing new materials and improving existing ones for various uses, such as in electronics, construction, and medicine. Researchers in 材料科学 explore different types of materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. They analyze how these materials can be manipulated at the atomic or molecular level to enhance their performance. This knowledge is crucial for innovations in technology and sustainable development, impacting industries like automotive, aerospace, and biotechnology.