数学 (Mathematics) is the study of numbers, shapes, and patterns. It involves various branches such as arithmetic, geometry, and algebra, each focusing on different aspects of numerical and spatial relationships. Mathematics is essential for solving problems in everyday life, science, and technology. Mathematics uses symbols and formulas to represent ideas and relationships. It helps in understanding concepts like measurement, probability, and statistics. Mathematicians, the people who study and work in this field, develop theories and methods that can be applied in various disciplines, including engineering and finance.