The 平安時代 (Heian period) lasted from 794 to 1185 in Japan. It is named after the capital city, 平安京 (Heian-kyō), now known as Kyoto. This era is known for its cultural achievements, particularly in literature and art, with notable works like 源氏物語 (The Tale of Genji) by 紫式部 (Murasaki Shikibu). During the Heian period, the aristocracy flourished, and a distinct Japanese culture emerged, characterized by refined aesthetics and courtly life. The period also saw the rise of the 武士 (samurai) class, which would later play a significant role in Japanese history, leading to the end of the Heian period and the beginning of the 鎌倉時代 (Kamakura period).