فتوالکتریک (Photovoltaics) refers to the technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar cells. These cells are made from semiconductor materials, such as silicon, which generate an electric current when exposed to sunlight. This process is essential for harnessing solar energy, making it a key component in renewable energy systems. The efficiency of فتوالکتریک systems can vary based on factors like the type of solar cell, the angle of sunlight, and environmental conditions. As the demand for clean energy increases, advancements in فتوالکتریک technology continue to improve energy conversion rates and reduce costs, promoting wider adoption of solar power solutions.