فالانژ (Phalanx) refers to a military formation used in ancient warfare, particularly by the Greek and Macedonian armies. This formation consisted of heavily armed infantry soldiers, known as hoplites, who stood shoulder to shoulder in rows. The soldiers wielded long spears and large shields, creating a wall of defense that was difficult for enemies to penetrate. The effectiveness of the فالانژ lay in its discipline and organization, allowing for coordinated movements and powerful charges. This tactic was instrumental in several key battles, contributing to the success of leaders like Alexander the Great in expanding their empires.