The Упанишады are ancient Indian texts that form the philosophical basis of Hinduism. They are part of the larger body of scriptures known as the Vedas, which are considered sacred in Hindu tradition. The Upanishads explore fundamental questions about existence, the nature of reality, and the relationship between the individual soul (Atman) and the ultimate reality (Brahman). Composed between 800 and 400 BCE, the Upanishads emphasize meditation, morality, and the pursuit of knowledge. They introduce concepts such as karma, reincarnation, and the importance of self-realization. These texts have significantly influenced various spiritual and philosophical traditions, both in India and around the world.