The Романовы were the last imperial dynasty to rule Russia, reigning from 1613 until the Russian Revolution in 1917. Founded by Михаил Романов, the dynasty played a significant role in shaping Russian history, culture, and politics over three centuries. During their rule, the Романовы expanded the Russian Empire, modernized the military, and fostered the arts and sciences. Notable rulers included Пётр I (Peter the Great), who westernized Russia, and Екатерина II (Catherine the Great), known for her significant contributions to the arts and the expansion of the empire. The dynasty ended tragically with the execution of Николай II and his family.