Монголия, or Mongolia, is a landlocked country located in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It is known for its vast steppes, deserts, and mountainous regions, making it one of the least densely populated countries in the world. The capital city is Ulaanbaatar, which serves as the political, cultural, and economic center of the country. The country has a rich history, being the heartland of the Mongol Empire in the 13th century under the leadership of Genghis Khan. Today, Mongolia is recognized for its nomadic culture, traditional festivals like Naadam, and unique wildlife, including the endangered Przewalski's horse.