The notation "φ(3)" refers to the value of the Euler's totient function, denoted by φ, at the integer 3. The Euler's totient function counts the number of positive integers up to a given integer that are relatively prime to it. For the number 3, the integers less than 3 are 1 and 2. Both of these numbers are relatively prime to 3. To calculate φ(3), we find that both 1 and 2 do not share any common factors with 3 other than 1. Therefore, φ(3) equals 2, indicating that there are two integers less than 3 that are relatively prime to it. This function is important in number theory and has applications in areas such as cryptography.