Σοφοκλής (Sophocles) was an ancient Greek playwright, born around 496 BC in Colonus, near Athens. He is best known for his contributions to tragedy, having written over 120 plays, of which only seven have survived. His most famous works include Oedipus Rex and Antigone, which explore complex themes of fate, morality, and human suffering. Sophocles introduced several innovations to theater, such as the use of a third actor and improved stage mechanics. He also emphasized character development and psychological depth in his plays. His influence on Greek drama and literature has been profound, earning him a lasting legacy in the world of theater.