The Renaissance was a cultural movement that began in Italy during the 14th century and lasted until the 17th century. It marked a revival of interest in the arts, science, and the classical knowledge of ancient Greece and Rome. This period is characterized by significant developments in painting, sculpture, literature, and philosophy, with notable figures such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo emerging as influential artists. The Renaissance also saw advancements in technology and exploration, leading to discoveries that expanded the known world. The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century played a crucial role in spreading ideas and knowledge, making literature more accessible to the public. This era laid the groundwork for the modern age, influencing various aspects of society and culture.